Ialuminiyam yenye yezona zimbiwa zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwihlabathi jikelele, ezixatyiswa ngokukhaphukhaphu, ukuqina, kunye nokuguquguquka kwayo. Kodwa umbuzo oqhelekileyo uyaqhubeka: Ngaba i-aluminiyam ingarusa? Impendulo ifumaneka kwiimpawu zayo ezizodwa zeekhemikhali kunye nokusebenzisana nokusingqongileyo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ukuxhathisa kwe-aluminiyam, iintsomi ze-debunk, kunye nokubonelela ngemibono esebenzayo ukugcina ingqibelelo yayo.
Ukuqonda iRust kunye neAluminium Oxidation
Umhlwa luhlobo oluthile lomhlwa oluchaphazela intsimbi kunye nentsimbi xa ibekwe kwioksijini namanzi. Iphumela kumbala obomvu-obomvu, onomkhenkce we-oxide owenza buthathaka isinyithi. I-aluminiyam, nangona kunjalo, ayirusi-i-oxidizes.
Xa i-aluminiyam idibana neoksijini, yenza umaleko omncinci, okhuselayo we-aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃). Ngokungafaniyo nomhlwa, lo maleko oksijini uxinene, awunaporeshi, kwaye ubotshelelwe ngokuqinileyo kumphezulu wesinyithi.Isebenza njengesithintelo, ikhusela i-oxidation eyongezelelweyo kunye nokubola. Le ndlela yokukhusela yendalo yenza ialuminiyam imelane kakhulu nokurusa.
Kutheni iAluminiyam iOxidize ngokwahlukileyo kuneAyini
1.Ulwakhiwo loMaleko weOksidi:
·I-iron oxide (i-rust) i-porous kwaye i-brittle, ivumela amanzi kunye ne-oxygen ukuba ingene nzulu kwisinyithi.
· I-aluminiyam oxide ihlangene kwaye iyabambelela, itywina umphezulu.
2.Ukuphinda kusebenze:
·Ialuminiyam iyasebenza ngakumbi kunentsimbi kodwa yenza umaleko okhuselayo omisa ukusabela okungaphaya.
·I-ayini ayinayo le propati yokuziphilisa, ekhokelela kwirusi eqhubekayo.
3. Imiba yokusingqongileyo:
·I-aluminiyam iyaxhathisa ukubola kwindawo engathathi hlangothi kunye ne-asidi kodwa inokusabela ngealkali ezomeleleyo.
Xa iAluminiyam iCorrode
Ngelixa i-aluminiyam ikwazi ukumelana nomhlwa, iimeko ezithile zinokubeka esichengeni umaleko wayo we-oxide:
1.Ukufuma okuphezulu:
Ukuba sesichengeni sokufuma ixesha elide kunokubangela imingxuma okanye idiphozithi emhlophe engumgubo (i-aluminiyam oxide).
2.Iindawo ezinetyuwa:
I-chloride ion emanzini anetyuwa ikhawulezisa i-oxidation, ngakumbi kwiindawo zaselwandle.
3.Ukutyhileka kwiChemical:
Iiasidi ezinamandla (umzekelo, i-hydrochloric acid) okanye i-alkalis (umzekelo, i-sodium hydroxide) isabela nge-aluminiyam.
4. Ukonakala ngokwaseMzimbeni:
Imikrwelo okanye i-abrasions isusa umaleko we-oxide, iveze isinyithi esitsha kwi-oxidation.
Iintsomi eziqhelekileyo malunga ne-Aluminiyam Rust
Intsomi 1:Ialuminiyam ayikhe ivuthe.
Inyani:I-aluminiyam i-oxidize kodwa ayirusi. I-oxidation yinkqubo yendalo, kungekhona ukuthotywa kwesakhiwo.
Intsomi 2:I-aluminiyam ibuthathaka kunentsimbi.
Intsomi 3:I-alloys ikhusela i-oxidation.
Inyani: I-alloys iphucula iipropathi njengamandla kodwa ayisusi i-oxidation ngokupheleleyo.
Usetyenziso lweLizwe lokwenyani lweAluminiyam yoKuchasa ukuRhwalala
·I-Aerospace: Imibutho yeenqwelo-moya isebenzisa i-aluminiyam ukuze ibekhaphukhaphu kunye nokuxhathisa ukuhlwa kwayo emoyeni.
·Ulwakhiwo: Uphahla lweAluminiyam kunye necala lokuhlala limelana nemozulu embi.
·Iimoto: Amalungu e-injini kunye neefreyimu zixhamla ekuxhathiseni umhlwa.
·Ukupakishwa: Ifoyile yealuminiyam kunye neetoti zikhusela ukutya kwi-oxidation.
Ii-FAQ malunga nomhlwa weAluminiyam
I-Q1: Ngaba i-aluminiyam inokugqwala emanzini etyuwa?
A:Ewe, kodwa i-oxidizes kancinci. Ukuhlanjululwa rhoqo kunye neengubo kunokunciphisa umonakalo.
Q2: Ihlala ixesha elingakanani i-aluminium?
A: Kumashumi eminyaka ukuba igcinwe ngokufanelekileyo, ngenxa yomaleko wayo okwazi ukuziphilisa.
I-Q3: Ngaba i-aluminium iyarusa kwikhonkrithi?
A: I-alkaline ikhonkrithi inokusabela nge-aluminium, ifuna iingubo zokukhusela.
Ukuqukumbela
I-Aluminiyam ayirusi, kodwa i-oxidizes ukwenza umaleko okhuselayo. Ukuqonda ukuziphatha kwayo kunye nokuthatha amanyathelo okukhusela kuqinisekisa ukuhlala kwayo ixesha elide kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Nokuba isetyenziselwa ushishino okanye iimveliso zasekhaya, ukuxhathisa umhlwa kwealuminiyam kwenza kube lukhetho oluthembekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-12-2025
